Chapter and
State Standard | Understand that ..... | Benchmarks | Student Speak |
1 Science of Physics 9P.1.3.3.1
9P.1.3.4.1 | Developments in physics affect society and societal concerns affect the field of physics.
Physical and mathematical models are used to describe physical systems. | Describe changes in society that have resulted from significant discoveries and advances in technology in physics. For example: Transistors, generators, radio/television, or microwave ovens.
Use significant figures and an understanding of accuracy and precision in scientific measurements to determine and express the uncertainty of a result. |
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12 Vibrations and Waves
9P.2.3.1.1
9P.2.3.1.2
9P.2.3.3.1
9P.2.3.3.6 | Sound waves are generated from mechanical oscillations of objects and travel through a medium.
Magnetic and electric fields interact to produce electromagnetic waves.
| Analyze the frequency, period and amplitude of an oscillatory system. For example: An ideal pendulum, a vibrating string, or a vibrating spring-and-mass system.
Describe how vibration of physical objects sets up transverse and/or longitudinal waves in gases, liquids and solid materials.
Describe the nature of the magnetic and electric fields in a propagating electromagnetic wave.
Compare the wavelength, frequency and energy of waves in different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and describe their applications.
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13 Sound
9P.2.3.1.3
9P.2.3.1.4 | Sound waves are generated from mechanical oscillations of objects and travel through a medium. | Explain how interference, resonance, refraction and reflection affect sound waves.
Describe the Doppler effect changes that occur in an observed sound as a result of the motion of a source of the sound relative to a receiver. |
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14 Light and Reflection
9P.2.3.3.2
9P.2.3.3.4
9P.2.3.3.5 | Magnetic and electric fields interact to produce electromagnetic waves. | Explain and calculate how the speed of light and its wavelength change when the medium changes.
Use properties of light, including reflection, refraction, interference, Doppler effect and the photoelectric effect, to explain phenomena and describe applications.
Compare the wave model and particle model in explaining properties of light. |
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15 Refraction 9P.2.3.3.3
9P.2.3.3.4 | Magnetic and electric fields interact to produce electromagnetic waves. | Explain the refraction and/or total internal reflection of light in transparent media, such as lenses and optical fibers.
Use properties of light, including reflection, refraction, interference, Doppler effect and the photoelectric effect, to explain phenomena and describe applications. | |
| 2 Motion in One Dimension – needed for Chapter 3 |
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| 3 Two Dimensional Motion and Vectors 9P.2.2.1.1 | Forces and inertia determine the motion of
objects. | Use vectors and free-body diagrams to describe
force, position, velocity and acceleration of objects in two-dimensional space. | Terms - position, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration.
Scalar and vector - what are they and examples
Free fall objects - definition and direction of acceleration
Interpret motion diagrams and/or quantities to determine if an object is speeding up, slowing down, or remaining constant |
4 Forces and the Laws of Motion
9P.2.2.1.2 | Forces and inertia determine the motion of
objects. | Apply Newton’s
three laws of motion to calculate and analyze the effect of forces and momentum
on motion. | Understand what a force is and be able to identify it as contact or field force.
State Newton's three laws and give examples
Determine whether forces are balanced or unbalanced for various scenarios
Determine if an object is accelerating when given the forces acting upon it |
5 Work and Energy
9P.2.2.2.1 | When objects change their motion or interact
with other objects in the absence of frictional forces, the total amount of
mechanical energy remains constant. | Explain and calculate the work, power, potential
energy and kinetic energy involved in objects moving under the influence of
gravity and other mechanical forces. | |
6 Momentum and Collisions
9P.2.2.1.2
9P.2.2.2.3 | Forces and inertia determine the motion of
objects.
When objects change their motion or interact
with other objects in the absence of frictional forces, the total amount of
mechanical energy remains constant. | Apply Newton’s
three laws of motion to calculate and analyze the effect of forces and momentum
on motion.
Use conservation of momentum and conservation of
energy to analyze an elastic collision of two solid objects in one-dimensional
motion.
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7 Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity
9P.2.2.1.3
9P.2.2.2.2 | Forces and inertia determine the motion of
objects.
When objects change their motion or interact
with other objects in the absence of frictional forces, the total amount of
mechanical energy remains constant. | Use gravitational force to explain the motion of
objects near Earth and in the universe.
Describe
and calculate the change in velocity for objects when forces are applied
perpendicular to the direction of motion.
For example: Objects in orbit. | |
17 Electric Forces and Fields
9P.2.3.2.1 | Electrons respond to electric fields and
voltages by moving through electrical circuits and this motion generates
magnetic fields. | Explain why currents flow when free charges are
placed in an electric field, and how that forms the basis for electric circuits. | |
| 18 Electrical Energy and Capacitance | | | |
19 Current and Resistance
9P.2.3.2.2 | Electrons respond to electric fields and voltages by moving through electrical circuits and this motion generates magnetic fields. | Explain
and calculate the relationship of current, voltage, resistance and power in
series and parallel circuits.
For example: Determine the
voltage between two points in a series circuit with two resistors. | |
20 Circuits and Circuit Elements
9P.2.3.2.2 | Electrons respond to electric fields and voltages by moving through electrical circuits and this motion generates magnetic fields. | Explain
and calculate the relationship of current, voltage, resistance and power in
series and parallel circuits.
For example: Determine the
voltage between two points in a series circuit with two resistors. | |
21 Magnetism 9P.2.3.2.3
9P.2.3.2.4 | Electrons respond to electric fields and voltages by moving through electrical circuits and this motion generates magnetic fields. | Describe how moving electric charges produce
magnetic forces and moving magnets produce electric forces.
Use the interplay of electric
and magnetic forces to explain how motors, generators, and transformers work. | |
| 11 Thermodynamics 9P.2.3.4.2 | Heat energy is transferred between objects or
regions that are at different temperatures by the processes of convection,
conduction and radiation. | Explain the role of gravity, pressure and
density in the convection of heat by a fluid. | |
10 Heat
9P.2.3.4.1
9P.2.3.4.3 | Heat energy is transferred between objects or regions that are at different temperatures by the processes of convection, conduction and radiation. | Describe and calculate the quantity of heat
transferred between solids and/or liquids, using specific heat, mass and change
in temperature.
Compare the rate at which objects at different
temperatures will transfer thermal energy by electromagnetic radiation. | |
